DnsUdpClient.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.NetworkInformation;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
 
namespace Waher.Networking.DNS.Communication
{
    public class DnsUdpClient : DnsClient
    {
        private static readonly IPAddress[] defaultDnsAddresses = new IPAddress[]
        {
            IPAddress.Parse("8.8.8.8"),                 // Use Google Public DNS IP addresses as default, if no DNS addresses found.
            IPAddress.Parse("8.8.4.4"),
            IPAddress.Parse("2001:4860:4860::8888"),
            IPAddress.Parse("2001:4860:4860::8844")
        };
 
        private readonly IPEndPoint dnsEndpoint;
        private UdpClient udp = null;
 
        public DnsUdpClient()
            : base()
        {
            KeyValuePair<IPAddress, IPAddress> P = this.FindDnsAddress();
            IPAddress Address = P.Value;
            AddressFamily Family = Address.AddressFamily;
 
            this.dnsEndpoint = new IPEndPoint(P.Key, DnsResolver.DefaultDnsPort);
 
            this.udp = new UdpClient(Family)
            {
                //DontFragment = true,
                MulticastLoopback = false,
                Ttl = 30
            };
            this.udp.Client.Bind(new IPEndPoint(Address, 0));
 
            this.BeginReceive();
            this.Init();
        }
 
        private KeyValuePair<IPAddress, IPAddress> FindDnsAddress()
        {
            IPAddress Result = null;
            IPAddress Local = null;
            int Step;
 
            for (Step = 0; Step < 2; Step++)
            {
                foreach (NetworkInterface Interface in NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces())
                {
                    if (Interface.OperationalStatus != OperationalStatus.Up)
                        continue;
 
                    if (Interface.NetworkInterfaceType == NetworkInterfaceType.Loopback)
                        continue;
 
                    IPInterfaceProperties Properties = Interface.GetIPProperties();
                    int c;
 
                    if ((c = Properties.DnsAddresses?.Count ?? 0) == 0 && Step == 0)
                        continue;
 
                    foreach (UnicastIPAddressInformation UnicastAddress in Properties.UnicastAddresses)
                    {
                        IEnumerable<IPAddress> DnsAddresses = (IEnumerable<IPAddress>)Properties.DnsAddresses ?? defaultDnsAddresses;
 
                        foreach (IPAddress DnsAddress in DnsAddresses)
                        {
                            if (UnicastAddress.Address.AddressFamily != DnsAddress.AddressFamily)
                                continue;
 
                            Result = DnsAddress;
                            Local = UnicastAddress.Address;
 
                            if (Result.AddressFamily == AddressFamily.InterNetwork)
                                return new KeyValuePair<IPAddress, IPAddress>(Result, Local);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
 
            if (!(Result is null))
                return new KeyValuePair<IPAddress, IPAddress>(Result, Local);
 
            throw new NotSupportedException("No route to DNS server found.");
        }
 
        private async void BeginReceive()   // Starts parallel task
        {
            try
            {
                while (!this.disposed)
                {
                    UdpReceiveResult Data = await this.udp.ReceiveAsync();
                    if (this.disposed)
                        return;
 
                    await this.ReceiveBinary(Data.Buffer);
 
                    try
                    {
                        DnsMessage Message = new DnsMessage(Data.Buffer);
                        await this.ProcessIncomingMessage(Message);
                    }
                    catch (Exception ex)
                    {
                        await this.Error("Unable to process DNS packet: " + ex.Message);
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (ObjectDisposedException)
            {
                // Closed.
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                await this.Exception(ex);
            }
        }
 
        protected override Task SendAsync(byte[] Message, IPEndPoint Destination)
        {
            return this.udp.SendAsync(Message, Message.Length, Destination ?? this.dnsEndpoint);
        }
 
        public override void Dispose()
        {
            base.Dispose();
 
            this.udp?.Dispose();
            this.udp = null;
        }
 
    }
}